Private wells should be tested at least once a year

AMES - Private wells are an important part of Iowa's landscape, and keeping an eye on the quality of water coming out of those wells is equally important.

In the July edition of Acreage Living newsletter (https://www.extension.iastate.edu/smallfarms/newsletters/201907), Jamie Benning, water quality program manager for Iowa State University Extension and Outreach, says testing should be done annually, and is relatively easy to do.

'Even if your well and the area around it have remained unchanged, it is important to test water annually for indicators of contamination, including nitrate and bacteria, to ensure the water is safe to drink,” said Benning.

The spring and early summer months are ideal times to test, as melting snow and spring rains move through the soil and recharge the aquifer.

Water testing kits can be ordered through the Jefferson County Sanitarian Dan Miller at 472-2561. Many counties participate in the Grants-to-Counties Well Program that provides financial assistance for water testing. Testing kits also can be ordered through the Iowa State Hygienic Laboratory Private Well Water section at www.shl.uiowa.edu/env/privatewell/ordering.xml. More information is available on the Iowa Department of Natural Resources Private Well Testing website at www.shl.uiowa.edu/env/privatewell/ordering.xml.

According to the Iowa Department of Natural Resources, more than 75 percent of Iowans rely on groundwater as their primary source of drinking water, using a combination of private and public wells.

The recent flooding in Iowa makes testing well even more important, especially if floodwaters might have reached the aquifer.

Benning said if floodwaters reached a private well casing, covered the top of the well casing, or covered areas around neighboring wells, then the Iowa DNR recommends testing for total coliform bacteria.

If a well tests positive for bacteria, an alternative water source should be used for cooking and drinking until a test indicates that it is safe.

Benning said it is also important to test water used for livestock. Concentrations of 100 ppm or less of nitrate (N) is generally considered safe for livestock, but it is also important to consider the nitrate content in forages to calculate total nitrate consumed. Young and pregnant livestock are at higher risk for nitrate toxicity than mature animals.

The July edition of Acreage Living also features articles on managing striped cucumber beetle, monarch butterfly conservation, and the upcoming Fruit and Vegetable Field Day, Monday, Aug. 5 at ISU's Horticulture Research Station.